The Great Sphinx of Giza belongs to the Giza necropolis west of Cairo. The site is a plateau containing the three great pyramids of Khufu, Khafra, and Menkaura, together with the Sphinx and a number of smaller pyramids, temples, and tombs. The Giza structures were built by 4th Dynasty kings at the height of the Old Kingdom. Scholars divide ancient Egyptian civilization into: the Predynastic (the ten centuries before 3050 BCE), the Archaic or Early Dynastic (3050-2575 BCE), the Old Kingdom (2575-2150 BCE), the Middle Kingdom (2040-1783 BCE), the New Kingdom (1550-1070 BCE), and the Late Dynastic (1070-332 BCE). So-called intermediate periods followed the Old and Middle Kingdoms.)